Choosing The Right Crusher

There are several characteristics to consider:

You can then look at the main technologies for crushers on the market:

It’s a primary crusher. The jaw crusher is a machine for crushing rocks and other hard and abrasive materials, such as granite, ores or recycled concrete, usually for industrial purposes. The crushing device consists of a fixed plate and a swing plate called jaws between which the rock is trapped and crushed. A motor and a belt transmit the movement to an eccentric shaft that drives the movable jaw by rotation. A spring returns this moving jaw to let the crushed materials gradually descend into the crusher. When the materials are small enough, they fall into the space between the crusher’s two jaws. The crusher breaks the rock into small stones that are used in particular for manufacturing concrete for construction and roads.

Jaw crushers use a rudimentary and reliable technology that does not require much maintenance or engineering knowledge. They are the most popular crushers in the world. Jaw crushers are particularly suitable when the main objective is to reduce large blocks into smaller pieces that can then be processed by other machines.

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Cone crushers, also known as conical crushers, break rock between an eccentric rotating head and a bowl. The rotating head is covered by a wear-resistant mantle. The large pieces are broken once between the two jaws, then they gradually descend into the crusher where they continue to be broken until the pieces are small enough to pass through the narrow opening at the bottom of the breaking space. A cone crusher can crush a variety of rocks, from medium to hard. The way a cone crusher operates is similar to how a gyratory crusher does, but in a cone crusher the slope in the breaking space is not as steep.

Although it is known for its ability to crush hard and abrasive ores and rocks, the cone crusher is better suited for secondary crushing. It is designed to crush pre-dimensioned materials, generally of 100 mm, 150 mm or 200 mm, and provide finished products of small dimensions.

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Impact crushers can be used as primary crushers, secondary crushers or tertiary crushers depending on the size and technology. They are equipped with beaters, also called hammers, and impact plates. They operate in the following way: they are fed from the upper part, then the stones are hit by the hammers and projected towards the plates. The stone breaks on the plate and bounces back towards the hammers. The process is repeated until the stone reaches the desired size. Impact crushers are ideal for mixed materials. They can crush clay, dirt or metal mixed with the feed material, for example reinforcing bars, wire mesh or anchors. They can crush hard materials, but are especially suitable for soft to medium rocks. Impact crushers, also called hammer crushers, can have a horizontal shaft or a vertical axis.

Horizontal-shaft: generates a uniform cubic product. It can accept all feed inputs and ensure maximum productivity, both in primary and secondary crushing.

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Vertical-axis: can create quality sands. It crushes the gravel even more finely because it breaks the most persistent bonds of the aggregate. This results in a sand with optimal consistency and shape, especially for concrete. This machine combines rotational energy with impact energy for crushing.

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While stationary crushers have the advantage of being sturdy, it can be advantageous to choose a mobile crusher to get the crusher closer to where the it is going to be needed. Wheeled crushers can be moved to a construction site using a truck. These units are generally autonomous and therefore do not require an additional diesel engine to operate. Crawler crushers are designed to be moved around constantly. They are more compact and weigh less than mobile wheeled crushers.

Mobile crushers perform the same types of crushing as stationary ones. For reasons of autonomy, they also include a hopper and a conveyor to feed the crusher, as well as a second conveyor to evacuate the final product.